A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
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Life and Works: Peruvian novelist, playwright, essayist, journalist, literary critic, one of the central writers in the Hispanic world, whose commitment to social change is evident in his novels, plays, and essays. In 1990 he was an unsuccessful candidate for president of Peru. After his parents separated he was brought up by mother and maternal grandparents in Cochabamba, Bolivia (1937-45), Piura, northern Peru (1945-46), and then in Lima. When he was about eight years old his parents reconciled. Then he attended Leoncio Prado Military Academy (1950-52) -in 1963 he published his first novel, The Time of the Hero (La ciudad y los perros), where he described his experience at the military academy-, and Colegio Nacional San Miguel de Piura (1952). In 1955 he married his aunt, Julia Urquidi, and they divorced in 1964. He incorporated the experience of this marriage into his novel Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter (La tía Julia y el escribidor), which was followed by a reply of Julia Urquidi, titled My life with Mario Vargas Llosa. His first collection of short stories, Los Jefes, appeared in 1959. In the same year he moved to Paris because he felt that in Peru he could not earn his living as a serious writer. From the late 1960s Vargas Llosa worked as a visiting professor at many American and European universities, among them Cambridge, Harvard and Princeton. In 1965 he married Patricia Llosa. In 1971 he obtained his Doctorate in Literature at the Complutense University, Madrid with a doctoral dissertation about García Márquez (1971), which was followed by several books on literary criticism, among them The perpetual orgy (La orgía perpetua, 1975) about Flaubert's masterpiece Madame Bovary. In 1977 he was elected President of PEN Club International. The author has received numerous awards, including Cervantes Prize (1994), Peace Prize of the German Book Trade (1996), National Book Critics Circle Award
for his essays Making Waves (1998). In The Green House (La casa verde, 1966) Vargas Llosa returned to two formative experiences his childhood and youth. The complicated novel has two major setitbusngs: the first, a provincial city and the second, the jungle, a challenging, hostile and attractive environment, which the author has depicted in several works. The War of the End of the World (La guerra del fin del mundo,1981) is a story of a revolt against the Brazilian government in the late 19th-century and the brutal response of the authorities. The Real life of Alejandro Mayta (Historia de Mayta, 1984) is written on several narrative levels. It deals with a failed Marxist-Leninist insurrection in the Andes, led by an aging Trotskyist Alejandro Mayta. He is captured and his second lieutenant Vallejos executed. The novelist-narrator interviews a number of people who give a contradictory view of Mayta's personality and the events. Finally the reader realizes that in the process of creating a novel within a novel, the narrator has invented Mayta's life and undermined the concepts of writing and reading history. Vargas Llosa's bitter memoir, A Fish in the Water (El pez en el agua), appeared in 1993. The Feast of the Goat (La fiesta del chivo, 2000) continued the author's political excursion into the recent history of South America. The story is set in the Dominican Republic in 1961, ruled by the dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo. Mario Vargas Llosa is member of the Peruvian Language Academy and of the Real Academia de la Lengua Española and he currently lives in London. Other selected works:
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